Vol. 11, Issue 3, Part A (2024)

Author(s): Dr. Archana Prajapati

Abstract: Swertia chirata, a popular medicinal plant belonging to the Gentianaceae family, is indigenous to the temperate Himalayas. It thrives at elevations between 1200 and 1300 meters, spanning regions from Bhutan to Kashmir and the Khasi hills at altitudes of 1200 to 1500 meters. Additionally, it can be cultivated in sub-temperate regions at elevations of 1500 to 2100 meters. Chirata has an upright stem that grows to a height of two to three feet. They are often preferred over pharmaceutical drugs because they are more tolerable, have a better understanding of the human body, and exhibit fewer side effects. These plants are rich sources of phytochemicals. Swertia chirata contains several key chemical constituents, including swertiamarin, amarogentin, swechirin, sweroside, gentianine, amaroswerin, oleanolic acid, swertanone, and ursolic acid. Phytochemical analysis of the plant reveals the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, glycosides, triterpenoids, saponins, xanthones, and ascorbic acid. Malaria, caused by Plasmodium parasites and transmitted by Anopheles mosquitoes, continues to be a significant global health issue, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions. Swertia chirata, extensively used in Ayurvedic and traditional medicine, has shown potential as an anti-malarial agent. However, to fully establish the safety and efficacy of Swertia chirata in human populations, further clinical trials are necessary. As part of an integrated approach, Swertia chirata could complement conventional anti-malarial therapies, offering a natural and accessible option in the global fight against malaria. This review underscores the need for continued research into the pharmacological potential of Swertia chirata and its role in addressing the persistent challenge of malaria.

DOI: 10.22271/23487941.2024.v11.i3a.776